A wheel hub assembly (also called a wheel hub unit, hub assembly, or wheel bearing assembly) is a crucial automotive component that connects the wheel to the vehicle’s axle, allowing smooth rotation. It plays a key role in both steering and braking systems.
Components of a Wheel Hub Assembly:
- Hub – The central mounting point for the wheel, often with studs or bolt holes for attaching the wheel.
- Wheel Bearings – Reduce friction between the hub and axle, enabling smooth wheel rotation.
- ABS Sensor (in many modern vehicles) – Monitors wheel speed for the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and traction control.
- Seals – Keep contaminants out and retain lubrication inside the bearing.
- Mounting Flange – Attaches to the brake rotor/drum and suspension components.
Functions:
- Supports the vehicle’s weight.
- Allows smooth wheel rotation with minimal friction.
- Integrates with ABS/traction control systems (if equipped).
- Provides a mounting surface for brake rotors/drums and wheels.
Signs of a Failing Wheel Hub Assembly:
- Grinding or humming noise while driving (often changes with speed).
- Wheel wobbling or vibration.
- ABS warning light (if the sensor is integrated).
- Uneven tire wear.
- Steering looseness or poor handling.
Replacement:
A faulty hub assembly must be replaced as a unit (bearings are usually not serviceable separately in modern vehicles). Proper torque and installation are critical for safety.
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